.Net Core读取Json配置文件
前言：在与传统的asp.net MVC项目相比,.net core项目在项目目录的文件结构上和功能上与前者都有很大的区别。例如：在.net core中使用Startup.cs取代Global.asax文件用于加载应用程序的配置和各种启动项。appsettings.json取代web.config文件用于存储应用程序所需的配置参数等等。。。
OK！步入正题,下面来说一下如何读取Json配置文件中的参数。
第一种:使用IConfiguration接口
我们先在appsettings.json中配置好数据库连接字符串,然后读取它
{ "Connection": {"dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456"
}, "Logging": {"LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"}
}, "AllowedHosts": "*"}
在控制器中注入IConfiguration接口
= Task<> conn = _configuration[
当然也可以读取数组形式的json,一样的先在appsettings.json中写好配置参数，如下：
{ "Connection": {"dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456"
}, //------------------------
"Content": [
{ "Trade_name": {"test1": "小熊饼干","test2": "旺仔QQ糖","test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" }
}
], //------------------------
"Logging": {"LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"}
}, "AllowedHosts": "*"}
比如我们想读取test1
string commodity_test1 = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];
第二种：使用IOptions<T>来读取json配置文件
先把NuGet包导进项目：Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions
首先在appsettings.json中添加节点如下
{ "Connection": {"dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456"
}, //------------------------
"Content": [
{ "Trade_name": {"test1": "小熊饼干","test2": "旺仔QQ糖","test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" }
}
], //------------------------
"Logging": {"LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"}
}, "AllowedHosts": "*", //==============================
"Information": {"school": { "Introduce": {"Name": "实验小学","Class": "中班","Number": "15人" }, "Region": {"Province": "湖北","City": "武汉","Area": "洪山区" }, "Detailed_address": [
{ "Address": "佳园路207号"}
]
}
} //==============================}
然和再建立一个与这个节点"相同"的类
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Read.json
{public class Information
{public School school { get; set; }
}public class School
{public Introduce Introduce { get; set; }public Region Region { get; set; }public List<Detailed_address> data { get; set; }
}public class Introduce
{public string Name { get; set; }public string Class { get; set; }public string Number { get; set; }
}public class Region
{public string Province { get; set; }public string City { get; set; }public string Area { get; set; }
}public class Detailed_address
{public string Address { get; set; }
}
}
在Startup中添加如下代码
#region 服务注册,在控制器中通过注入的形式使用services.AddOptions();
services.Configure<Information>(Configuration.GetSection("Information"));#endregion
控制器中使用：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;namespace Read.json.Controllers
{
[Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
[ApiController]public class ReadController : Controller
{private IConfiguration _configuration;readonly Information _Information;readonly IOptions<Information> _options;public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration,
Information Information,
IOptions<Information> options)
{
_configuration = configuration;
_Information = Information;
_options = options;
}
[HttpGet]public async Task<IActionResult> ReadInformation()
{string Address = _options.Value.school.Region.Province + "-" + _options.Value.school.Region.City + "-" + _options.Value.school.Region.Area + "-" + _options.Value.school.Detailed_address[0].Address + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Name + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Class + "-" + _options.Value.school.Introduce.Number;return Json(Address);
}
[HttpPost]public async Task<string> ReadJson()
{string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"];string commodity = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];return "";
}
}
}
第三种：这种应该比较常见,任意读取自定义的json文件
首先建立一个json文件
{ "system_version": {"Edition": ".Net Core 3.0","Project_Name": "Read.json"
}
}
再建一个类,封装一个方法
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Read.json
{public class Json_File
{public IConfigurationRoot Read_Json_File()
{//这句代码会读取read_json.json中的内容return new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("read_json.json")
.Build();
}
}
}
在控制器中调用：
[HttpGet]public async Task<IActionResult> ReadSystemVersion()
{var configuration = _json_File.Read_Json_File();string system = "使用的是" + configuration["system_version:Edition"] + "的版本" + "," +"项目名称是" + configuration["system_version:Project_Name"];return Json(new{
data = system
});
}
Demo地址：Func<Address,Project> func = (address) => address;
project = func("https://github.com/Davenever/Read_Json.git");
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