美国能源部（DOE）：2017年量子信息科学报告（英文版）

The fundamental principles of QC stem from the theory of quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics was developed in the early 20th century to explain the behavior of a wide variety of physical systems including nuclei, atoms, electrons, and photons, as well as novel condensed matter and macromolecular systems. Among the many essential quantum concepts that impact QC are superposition, entanglement, and the uncertainty principle, i.e., intrinsic randomness that appears in quantum mechanical measure