Rand兰德：2024年模拟COVID-19疫情对护士供应和工资的破坏性影响报告（英文版）

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on nurse labor supply and wage dynamics, primarily due to deteriorating work conditions, increased stress, and the influence of epidemiological consequences [1, 2]. These factors have exacerbated the existing labor shortages among nurses. To address these challenges, relief funds were allocated to mitigate labor shortages and alleviate the financial strain on hospitals. However, the full impact of these relief funds on healthcare labor supply an