世界银行：巴基斯坦贫困地图2019-2020（英文版）

This paper summarizes the approach used to estimate monetary poverty for Pakistan in 2019–20 at the district level. The small area estimation method is used to impute welfare from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2018–19 into the Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey 2019–20. This application differs from the standard small area estimation implementations that use a survey-to-census method because the two surveys are household surveys. Using surveys instead of a ce