亚太经社会（ESCAP）：2025年亚太地区气候雄心回顾-国家自主贡献实施准备情况报告（英文版）

2024: the first year where global mean near-surface temperatures exceeded 1.5°C above the pre-industrial era; and global mean sea levels reached a record high in the satellite record. ▪ The first Global Stocktake (GST), concluded in December 2023, is critical for shaping the 2035 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs 3.0), which should: ✓ include economy-wide emission reduction targets ✓ cover all greenhouse gases, sectors and categories ✓ align with long-term low-emission strategies ✓ st