麦肯锡：2026年变革欧洲：振兴欧洲大陆的大胆举措报告（英文版）

There’s been no shortage of attention on Europe’s competitiveness and investment gap.1 It has been the focus of influential reports by Mario Draghi and Enrico Letta2 and of ongoing European Commission efforts spanning dozens of initiatives, ranging from the building of at-scale AI gigafactories to exploring the creation of a 28th regulatory regime for innovative companies.3 At the same time, European nations are rapidly increasing defense and other spending,4 such as Germany establishing a €5