国际货币基金组织：被困在中间吗？印尼收入动态评估（英文版）

The middle class can play a pivotal role as a growth driver in achieving Indonesia’s Golden Vision of becoming a high-income country by 2045. However, it remains narrow, at under 20 percent of the total population. It is also highly vulnerable, given a waning purchasing power, and unfavorable labor market dynamics. In contrast with the steady progress of the bottom half of the income distribution, the middle-class share has declined since 2019, driven, inter alia, by labor market shifts towar