Laravel中间件
php artisan make:middleware <middleware-name>
使用你的中间件名称替换<middleware-name>。创建可以看到中间件在 app/Http/Middleware 目录。
示例
php artisan make:middleware AgeMiddleware
第3步 − AgeMiddlware 会在 app/Http/Middleware 文件中创建。新创建的文件将自动创建下面代码：
<?php
namespace AppHttpMiddleware;
use Closure;
class AgeMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
return $next($request);
}
}
注册中间件
-
全局中间件
-
路由中间件
全局中间件将在应用程序的每个HTTP请求运行，而路由中间件将被分配到一个特定的路由。中间件可在 app/Http/Kernel.php 注册.
该文件包含两个属性： $middleware 和 $routeMiddleware。$middleware 属性用于注册全局中间件，$routeMiddleware属性用于注册路由指定中间件。
protected $middleware = [ IlluminateFoundationHttpMiddlewareCheckForMaintenanceMode::class, AppHttpMiddlewareEncryptCookies::class, IlluminateCookieMiddlewareAddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class, IlluminateSessionMiddlewareStartSession::class, IlluminateViewMiddlewareShareErrorsFromSession::class, AppHttpMiddlewareVerifyCsrfToken::class, ];
protected $routeMiddleware = [ 'auth' => AppHttpMiddlewareAuthenticate::class, 'auth.basic' => IlluminateAuthMiddlewareAuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class, 'guest' => AppHttpMiddlewareRedirectIfAuthenticated::class, ];
示例
我们已经在前面的例子中已创建 AgeMiddleware 中间件。 现在，我们可以在具体的路由中间件属性登记。注册代码如下所示。
<?php
namespace AppHttp;
use IlluminateFoundationHttpKernel as HttpKernel;
class Kernel extends HttpKernel {
protected $middleware = [
IlluminateFoundationHttpMiddlewareCheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
AppHttpMiddlewareEncryptCookies::class,
IlluminateCookieMiddlewareAddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
IlluminateSessionMiddlewareStartSession::class,
IlluminateViewMiddlewareShareErrorsFromSession::class,
AppHttpMiddlewareVerifyCsrfToken::class,
];
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => AppHttpMiddlewareAuthenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => IlluminateAuthMiddlewareAuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'guest' => AppHttpMiddlewareRedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'Age' => AppHttpMiddlwareAgeMiddleware::class,
];
}
中间件参数
我们也可以传递中间件参数。例如，如果您的应用程序有不同角色，如用户，管理员，超级管理员等，并且要验证基于角色的动作，这可以通过参数传递中间件来实现。我们创建的中间件包含以下功能，我们可以通过 $next 参数之后，自定义参数。
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
return $next($request);
}
示例
php artisan make:middleware RoleMiddleware
第3步 − 添加以下代码到新创建的角色中间件的处理方法 - app/Http/Middleware/RoleMiddleware.php.
<?php
namespace AppHttpMiddleware;
use Closure;
class RoleMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role) {
echo "Role: ".$role;
return $next($request);
}
}
第4步 − 在 appHttpKernel.php 文件中注册角色中间件。 加入灰色突出的线条的是在该文件中注册 RoleMiddleware 中间件。
php artisan make:controller TestController
app/Http/TestController.php
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpRequests;
use AppHttpControllersController;
class TestController extends Controller {
public function index(){
echo "<br>Test Controller.";
}
}
app/Http/routes.php
Route::get('role',[
'middleware' => 'Role:editor',
'uses' => 'TestController@index',
]);
可终止的中间件
响应已经发送给浏览器后可终止中间件执行一些任务。这可以通过使用创建中间件“终止”方法的中间件来实现。可终止中间件会注册全局中间件。该终止方法将接受两个参数：$request 和 $response。终止方法可以被创建，如在下面显示的代码。
示例
php artisan make:middleware TerminateMiddleware
第3步 - 复制下面的代码到新创建文件 - TerminateMiddleware 在 app/Http/Middleware/TerminateMiddleware.php 文件中如下：
<?php
namespace AppHttpMiddleware;
use Closure;
class TerminateMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
echo "Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware.";
return $next($request);
}
public function terminate($request, $response){
echo "<br>Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddleware.";
}
}
第4步 − 注册 TerminateMiddleware 到 appHttpKernel.php 文件中.
加了灰色突出的线条的是该文件中注册的 TerminateMiddleware 中间件。
php artisan make:controller ABCController
app/Http/ABCController.php
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpRequests;
use AppHttpControllersController;
class ABCController extends Controller {
public function index(){
echo "<br>ABC Controller.";
}
}
app/Http/routes.php
Route::get('terminate',[
'middleware' => 'terminate',
'uses' => 'ABCController@index',
]);
http://localhost:8000/terminate
