世界经济论坛：2025年脱碳航空地面运营：替代巴士技术报告（英文版）

This paper explores the techno-economic feasibility of replacing fossil-fuelled airport buses with alternative low-emission technologies such as retroftted diesel-to-electric, battery-electric and hydrogen buses. The aim is to provide actionable insights for airports seeking to decarbonize ground operations and improve local air quality. Using a robust total cost of ownership (TCO) model – validated through industry research and stakeholder interviews – the analysis explores how capital