国际货币基金组织：2026年波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那：若干问题报告（英文版）

This paper assesses the macroeconomic impact of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (EU CBAM) on Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). It first sets out the key features of CBAM and quantifies BiH’s exposure, illustrating that current scope affects about 11 percent of BiH exports (or 3.2 percent of GDP), given the country’s significant sales of aluminum, cement, electricity, and iron and steel to the EU. The paper then quantifies the macroeconomic impact of the current scope of CB