ABB&BCG：2026年混合交直流电力的战略价值洞察报告：构建下一代电气架构转型之路（英文版）

Electrification started with DC. The first commercial power grids, in 1882 in New York and London, ran on 110V DC. These grids worked within strict limits: no practical technology could step DC voltage up for long-distance transmission, so high currents produced losses that kept generation local. The solution to this problem was the transformer, AC’s decisive enabler. By stepping voltage up for transmission and back down for consumption, AC made large centralized generators and national grids