OECD经合组织：2026年人民与预算：增强公众对公共财政的理解报告（英文版）

Empowering public understanding is becoming an essential part of modern budgeting. Public finances in OECD countries are at a critical juncture. Successive crises have pushed public debt to record levels: near 110% of GDP. Governments are grappling with mounting spending pressures, including those related to cost-of-living concerns, urgent defence needs, extreme weather events and ageing populations. Delaying action costs more. Unless meaningful reforms are introduced, debt trajectories will