国际货币基金组织：2026年冰岛：若干问题报告（英文版）

Conducting monetary policy in Iceland presents important challenges. Since the inflation target was adopted in 2001, inflation has averaged 4.9 percent — nearly double the target. Even restricting attention to the more stable post-crisis period (2011–25), inflation averaged 4.0 percent and exceeded the target in roughly two-thirds of the months over this period. The central bank’s policy rate has averaged 5 percent since 2011 with a maximum of 9.25 percent and a minimum of 0.75 percent. Despi