Nuffield Foundation：2026年长影：童年贫困如何压低英格兰大学毕业生收入报告（英文版）

Social mobility in the UK is limited: children are more likely to be poor as adults if they grow up in poverty. While education – and university in particular – is often seen as a route out of poverty, access remains unequal. Only 16 per cent of children who were in deep poverty at age 16 – proxied by eligibility of free school meals (FSM) – go on to graduate, compared to 32 per cent of their more advantaged peers. This briefing note shows that even among those who do make it to graduation, c