欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）：2025年全球气候状况核心数据报告（英文版）

2025 had a global average temperature of 14.97°C, 0.59°C above the 1991‑2020 average, and 0.13°C cooler than 2024, the warmest year on record. 2025 was 1.47°C above an estimate of the 1850‑1900 average temperature designated to represent the pre‑industrial level. This places 2025 as the third-warmest year, marginally (0.01°C) cooler than the second-warmest year 2023, according to ERA5. 2025 was also the third-warmest year on record according to the JRA‑3Q reanalysis. The average temperature a